SPS 327.34(2)(a)(a)
General. Except as allowed under
par. (c), top plates shall be provided and configured as follows:
SPS 327.34(2)(a)2.
2. End joints in double top plates shall be offset at least 2 stud spaces.
SPS 327.34(2)(a)3.
3. Double top plates shall be overlapped at the corners and at intersections of partitions.
SPS 327.34(2)(a)4.
4. The plate immediately above the stud may have a joint only when directly over the stud.
SPS 327.34(2)(b)1.1. When piping or ductwork is placed in an exterior wall or an interior load-bearing wall, such that at least half of the top plate is removed, the plate shall be reinforced with a steel angle at least 2 inches by 2 inches by 20 gauge thick.
SPS 327.34 Note
Note: 20 gauge is approximately 0.036 inch.
SPS 327.34(2)(b)2.
2. The steel angle shall span the gap and extend at least to the midpoint of the adjacent stud spaces.
SPS 327.34(2)(c)1.1. A single top plate may be used in place of a double top plate provided a rafter is located directly over the studs and the plate is securely tied at the end joints, corners and intersecting walls. Joints may occur in single top plates only when directly over a stud.
SPS 327.34(2)(c)2.
2. A continuous header, consisting of two 2-inch members set on edge, may be used in lieu of a double plate if tied to the adjacent wall.
SPS 327.34(3)(a)(a)
Headers. Where doors or windows occur, headers shall be used to carry the load across the opening.
SPS 327.34(3)(b)
(b)
Header support. Headers in bearing walls shall be supported in accordance with the following:
SPS 327.34(3)(b)1.
1. Headers 3 feet or less in length shall be directly supported on each end by one of the following:
SPS 327.34(3)(b)2.
2. Headers greater than 3 feet but less than or equal to 6 feet in length shall be directly supported on each end by the single common stud and a shoulder stud.
SPS 327.34(3)(b)3.
3. Headers greater than 6 feet in length shall be directly supported on each end by the single common stud and 2 shoulder studs.
SPS 327.34(4)
(4) Notching. Notching and boring of columns or posts is prohibited unless designed through structural analysis. Studs shall not be cut or bored more than 1/3 the depth of the stud, unless the stud is reinforced.
SPS 327.34(5)
(5) Partitions. Load-bearing partitions shall be placed over beams, girders, or other load-bearing partitions. Load-bearing partitions running at right angles to the joists shall not be offset from the main girder or walls more than the depth of the joist unless the joists are designed to carry the load.
SPS 327.34(6)(a)2.
2. Posts and columns shall bear directly over the middle 1/3 of a footing.
SPS 327.34(6)(a)3.
3. Posts and columns shall be restrained at the top and bottom to resist displacement.
SPS 327.34(6)(a)4.
4. All columns shall be positively attached to the beams they support using clips, straps or saddles.
SPS 327.34(6)(a)5.
5. Posts and columns that use a height adjustment mechanism shall have the mechanism imbedded in concrete or permanently disabled after installation.
SPS 327.34(6)(b)
(b)
Bearing surface. Posts and columns shall have a steel bearing plate affixed to one or both ends to distribute any applied loads and to prevent fiber crushing of any structural member being supported.
SPS 327.34(6)(c)
(c)
Steel posts or columns. Steel posts or columns shall be sized according to one of the following methods:
SPS 327.34(6)(c)1.
1. Manufactured columns shall follow the manufacturer's testing and listing.
SPS 327.34(6)(c)2.
2. Columns made of steel stock, not meeting the requirements of
subd. 1., shall follow a nationally accepted design specification or the size shall be determined through structural analysis or load testing.
SPS 327.34(6)(d)
(d)
Wood posts or columns. Wood posts or columns shall be sized according to Table 327.34 or the size shall be determined through structural analysis or load testing.
SPS 327.34(7)(a)(a) Foundation cripple walls shall be framed with studs at least as large as the studs above.
SPS 327.34(7)(b)
(b) When more than 4 feet in height, cripple walls shall be framed with studs needed for an additional floor level.
SPS 327.34(7)(c)
(c) Cripple walls shall be sheathed on at least one side for its entire length with a wood structural panel that is fastened to both the top and bottom plates or the cripple walls shall be constructed of solid blocking.
SPS 327.34(7)(d)
(d) Cripple walls shall be fully supported by a continuous foundation.
Table 327.34
WOOD COLUMNS
Wood Nominal Size Cross Section Area Height (feet) Allowable Load (pounds)
8 4,900
4” x 4” 12 1/4” 10 3,100
12 2,150
8 7,700
4” x 6” 19 1/4” 10 4,900
12 3,400
8 30,000
6” x 6” 30 1/4” 10 18,900
12 13,300
SPS 327.34 Note
Note: This Table is based on a modulus of elasticity or E of 1,000,000 psi and a fiber bending strength or Fb of 1,000 psi.
SPS 327.34 History
History: EmR1703: emerg. cr., eff. 2-6-17;
CR 17-017: cr.
Register March 2018 No. 747, eff. 4-1-18.
SPS 327.35(1)(a)1.1. Rafters shall be notched to fit the exterior wall plate and fastened to the wall.
SPS 327.35(1)(a)2.
2. Collar ties shall be installed on the upper third of every third pair of abutting roof rafters or every 48 inches, whichever is less.
SPS 327.35(1)(b)1.1. Where rafters meet to form a ridge, the rafters shall be attached to a ridge board.
SPS 327.35(1)(b)2.
2. The ridge board shall have a depth at least equal to the length of the cut end of the rafter abutting it.
SPS 327.35(1)(b)3.
3. Where all rafters are placed directly opposite each other or are offset at the ridge board by less than the thickness of the rafter, the ridge board shall have a nominal thickness of at least 1 inch.
SPS 327.35(1)(b)4.
4. Where one or more rafters are offset at the ridge board by more than the thickness of the rafter, the ridge board shall have a nominal thickness of at least 2 inches.
SPS 327.35(1)(c)
(c)
Ridge beams. Rafters shall be attached to ridge beams using engineered clips, straps, or hangers or the connection shall be designed through structural analysis.
SPS 327.35(1)(d)
(d)
Bearing. The required bearing for wood rafters shall be in accordance with the NDS adopted in Table 327.19-2, except in no case shall the bearing be less than 1 1/2 inches on wood or metal or less than 3 inches on masonry or concrete.
SPS 327.35(1)(e)1.1. In this paragraph, “
ladder” means a perpendicular projection extending beyond the face of the wall below.
SPS 327.35(1)(e)2.
2. Overhangs at gable end walls of more than 12 inches shall be provided with ladders which extend into the structure a distance no less than the length of the overhang.
SPS 327.35(1)(e)4.
4. The interior end of each ladder shall be attached to a rafter or truss with a hanger.
SPS 327.35(2)(a)(a) Ceiling joists shall be nailed to exterior walls and to the ends of rafters.
SPS 327.35(2)(b)
(b) Ends of ceiling joists shall be lapped at least 3 inches and be fastened either with 3-16d nails or in accordance with the floor joist requirements under
s. SPS 327.31 (4) (a) 1. c.
SPS 327.35(2)(c)
(c) Where ceiling joists are placed at right angles to the rafters, the lookout joist or ties shall be fastened to the parallel ceiling joists or rafters using engineered clips, straps or hangers or the connection shall be designed through structural analysis.
SPS 327.35(3)(a)1.1. Where no bearing is provided under valley rafters at the intersection of 2 roof areas, the valley rafters shall be doubled in thickness and shall be at least 2 inches deeper than the required common rafter to permit full bearing at the beveled end.
SPS 327.35(3)(a)2.
2. Where ridges are provided at different elevations, vertical support shall be provided for the interior end of the lower ridge board or ridge beam.
SPS 327.35(3)(b)
(b)
Hip rafters. Where no bearing is provided under hip rafters, the hip rafters shall be of the same thickness as common rafters and shall be at least 2 inches deeper than required to permit full contact with the jack rafter.
SPS 327.35(4)(a)(a) Metal plate connected wood roof trusses shall be designed in accordance with TPI 1 and the NDS adopted under
s. SPS 327.19.
SPS 327.35(4)(c)
(c) If connection is provided to stabilize a non-load bearing wall, a slotted expansion joint or clip shall be used.
SPS 327.35(5)(a)1.1. Notching and boring of beams or girders is prohibited unless determined through structural analysis.
